Concise history of the Belfry of Oudenaarde

Oudenaarde’s belfry has a rich and fascinating history, closely linked to the town hall, a pearl of Brabant late Gothic. The origin of Oudenaarde’s belfry goes back to the 14th century, when the old alderman’s house, to which the still existing cloth hall is attached, formed a central point in the city. This alderman’s house has a wooden belfry that overlooks the market and serves as a symbol of urban power and autonomy.

Construction of the new city hall

In 1525, the old alderman’s house fell into disrepair, prompting the city council to commission a new and more impressive town hall. The choice of master builder fell on Hendrik van Pede from Brussels, who began construction in 1526. His original design envisions a U-shaped building, but an L-shaped structure is eventually chosen. The foundation stone is laid on May 15, 1526 by Philip of Lalaing, municipal governor and confidant of Charles V. The construction of the new town hall, in which the belfry of Oudenaarde is integrated, is completed in 1537.

The image of Hanske the Warrior

Atop the spire of the belfry is the emperor’s crown, along with a bronze statue of Hanske the Warrior, a figure deeply rooted in local folklore. According to legend, Hanske is a city guard who is supposed to watch for the arrival of Emperor Charles V. However, when he falls asleep drunk, the emperor faces closed gates. In response, Charles V would advise the inhabitants of Oudenaarde to give their city guard glasses, leading to the glasses that can still be seen on the city coat of arms.

The statue of Hanske the Warrior, a Spanish standard-bearer, was made in 1530 by goldsmith W. Blanstrein to a design by Hendrik van Pede. Over the years, the statue is restored several times, including after a lightning strike in 1659. With each restoration, the statue is returned with much ceremonial display, each time adding a document in a quiver under its skirt, signed by the city council.

Restorations through the ages

City Hall underwent several restorations over the centuries. The first major restoration campaign began in 1837 and lasted until 1851. Under the direction of architect Lodewijk Roelandt, all the sculpted elements of the building are replaced. Later, between 1898 and 1902, the belfry was restored under the direction of Pieter Langerock of Ghent.

Damage to the building during World War I was repaired between 1927 and 1940 by architect Valentin Vaerwyck, with parts of the façade being renewed. An extensive restoration campaign begins in 1956 and proceeds in several phases, under the supervision of architects such as Valentin Vaerwyck, Roger Warie and the architectural firm Van Acker.

The carillon and clockwork

In 1556 the belfry of Oudenaarde receives a Mechelen carillon with 16 bells. This is expanded again in 1698 until the entire carillon is replaced in 1759 by one with 36 bells. This one is provided by Andreas Josephus vanden Gheyn from Leuven. In 1894 the carillon is moved to the St. Walburga tower because of doubts of the city council about the condition of the belfry tower.

The clock dial, made by Pauwel vander Schelden in collaboration with painter Nauwinc, is a striking element of the belfry. The clockwork and bells play a crucial role in the city’s daily life. They serve not only to tell the time, but also to transmit important commands, such as the opening and closing of the city gates, announcing market hours and summoning the inhabitants to meetings at the city hall.

Recent restorations

The most recent restoration campaigns, beginning in 1956 and led by different architects, ensure that the belfry retains its imposing appearance. The sculptures are replaced by replicas in a northern French stone, which is more resistant to air pollution, allowing this historic monument to stand the test of time.

Today, the belfry is an integral part of the MOU Museum Oudenaarde. Visitors can not only admire the building, but also discover the rich collection of Oudenaarde tapestries and silverware.

Recognition as a World Heritage Site

In 1999, UNESCO recognized Oudenaarde’s belfry as a world heritage site. This recognition highlights the historical and cultural value of the belfry as a symbol of urban freedom and autonomy.

The belfry remains a living monument, a witness to Oudenaarde’s ancient history, and a symbol of pride for the city and its inhabitants.

Sources:

• • #1 2003, Along Flemish Belfries and Townhouses, Michiel Heirman, Davidsfonds Publishers, Leuven.

  • ‘#2 Singing Towers’ Andreas Dill & Luc Rombouts, Davidsfonds Leuven, 2017.

  • #3 Carillons and Towers in Belgium, Musea Nostra, Ludion Publishing House, Ghent, 1994.

  • #4 Website: onroerenderfgoed.be, accessed October 7, 2024.

  • #5 Blog:“Les Beffrois, Les Perrons & Les Rolands,” accessed October 9, 2024.

  • #6 Website:“Wikipedia Belfry of Oudenaarde,” accessed October 11, 2024.

Belfort opening hours

Access to the belfry is free daily between 9 am and 5 pm.
Create an access code online at https://belfortbezoeken.menen.be or ask for one at City Hall.